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Wayzata World Factbook 1996
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The World Factbook - 1996 Edition - Wayzata Technology (3079) (1996).iso
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terror
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npa
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New People's Army (NPA)
Description
The guerrilla arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines, an avowedly
Maoist group formed in December 1969 with the aim of overthrowing the
government through protracted guerrilla warfare. Although primarily a
rural-based guerrilla group, the NPA has an active urban infrastructure to
carry out terrorism; uses citybased assassination squads called sparrow
units. Derives most of its funding from contributions of supporters and so-
called revolutionary taxes extorted from local businesses.
Activities
The NPA is in disarray because of a split in the CPP, a lack of money, and
successful government operations. With US military gone from the country,
NPA has engaged in urban terrorism against the police, corrupt politicians,
drug traffickers, and other targets that evoked popular anger. Has vowed to
kill US citizens involved in counterinsurgency campaign. Has assassinated
10 US military and private citizens since 1987. Has also attacked US
businesses in rural areas that refused to pay so-called revolutionary taxes.
Strength
16,000, plus support groups.
Location/Area of Operation
Philippines.
External Aid
Receives funding from overseas fundraisers in Western Europe and elsewhere;
also linked to Libya. Diverts some funding of humanitarian aid.
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SELECTED INCIDENT CHRONOLOGY
APRIL, 1974:
MURDERED THREE U.S. NAVAL PERSONNEL NEAR SUBIC BAY NAVAL BASE.
SEPTEMBER, 1978:
MURDERED THE MAYOR OF KALINGA APAYO.
FEBRUARY, 1979:
MURDERED THE SON OF THE THEN-COMMANDING GENERAL OF THE PHILIPPINE
ARMY.
DECEMBER, 1981:
IMPLICATED IN KIDNAPPING THE SON-IN-LAW OF PRESIDENT FERDINAND
MARCOS; THE NPA DENIED INVOLVEMENT.
APRIL, 1982:
MURDERED THE MAYOR OF CALBAYOG CITY.
JULY, 1982:
IMPLICATED IN THE MURDERS OF THE MAYORS OF RIZAL AND DIGOS.
APRIL, 1983:
MURDERED THE POLICE CHIEF AND FIVE POLICE OFFICERS IN BARANGAY
TIBLAWAN.
NOVEMBER, 1983:
MURDERED THE MAYOR OF LUBA.
MAY, 1984:
ASSASSINATED BRIGADIER GENERAL KARNIXAL, POLICE COMMANDER OF
QUEZON CITY. CLAIMED BY THE ALEX BONCAYO BRIGADE, AN ELITE SPARROW
UNIT OF THE NPA.
SEPTEMBER, 1984:
INFILTRATED A PRISON ARMORY ON LEYTE ISLAND, SEIZING AN UNSPECIFIED
NUMBER OF WEAPONS.
NOVEMBER, 1984 - JANUARY, 1985:
ASSASSINATED THE MAYORS OF ZAMBOANGA CITY AND SANTA ANA, THE
DEPUTY MAYOR OF LAPUYAN, AND THE POLICE CHIEF OF NUEVA ECIJA.
OCTOBER, 1987:
MURDERED TWO AMERICAN SERVICEMEN, AN AMERICAN RETIREE, AND A
FILIPINO BYSTANDER. CLAIMED BY THE ALEX BONCAYO BRIGADE, AND LATER
BY THE NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC FRONT ON BEHALF OF THE NPA.
NOVEMBER, 1987:
TWO HUNDRED NPA GUERRILLAS ATTACKED TWO U.S. OWNED AND OPERATED
BANANA PLANTATIONS BURNING WAREHOUSES AND OTHER EQUIPMENT. THIS
WAS THE SECOND NPA ATTACK ON THIS PLANTATION; THE FIRST HAVING
TAKEN PLACE IN AUGUST, 1987.
FEBRUARY, 1989:
NPA GUERRILLAS ATTACKED A MINING COMPANY OPERATION WITH MORTARS AND
SMALL ARMS. THE FACILITY WAS RANSACKED AND THE ARMORY WAS LOOTED.
FIFTEEN SECURITY GUARDS, TWO CIVILIANS, AND EIGHT NPA REBELS DIED
IN THE ATTACK.
APRIL, 1989:
THE NPA ATTEMPTED TO AMBUSH A CONVOY OF U.S. AIR FORCE SECURITY
POLICE NEAR CLARK AIR FORCE BASE. THE AMBUSH WAS ABORTED WHEN THE
CONVOY ARRIVED EARLY. THE NPA GUERRILLAS FLED.
APRIL, 1989:
THE NPA ATTACKED A U.S.-PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY ATOP
MOUNT CABUYO. THREE ELECTRICAL POWER PYLONS AND A COMMUNICATIONS
TRAILER WERE DAMAGED.
APRIL, 1989:
AN NPA UNIT ASSASSINATED U.S. ARMY COLONEL JAMES N. ROWE. THE
VICTIM WAS ATTACKED WHILE BEING DRIVEN TO WORK. THE DRIVER OF THE
VICTIM'S VEHICLE WAS WOUNDED.
APRIL, 1989:
NPA REBELS ATTACKED AN INTER-CITY FERRY FROM SPEED BOATS, ROBBING
PASSENGERS.
MAY, 1989:
KIDNAPPED A JAPANESE AID WORKER.
SEPTEMBER, 1989:
ASSASSINATED TWO FORD AEROSPACE TECHNICIANS AS THE VICTIMS DROVE
HOME FROM THEIR JOB AT CLARK AIR FORCE BASE.
DECEMBER, 1989:
TWO RIFLE GRENADES WERE FIRED INTO THE U.S. EMBASSY COMPOUND. NO
INJURIES.
DECEMBER, 1989:
CARRIED OUT A RIFLE GRENADE AND SMALL ARMS ATTACK ON THE UNITED
STATES INFORMATION SERVICE (USIS) LIBRARY IN DAVAO CITY. NO
INJURIES.
JANUARY, 1990:
DETONATED THREE BOMBS IN DAVAO CITY IN ONE DAY. ONE OF THE
DEVICES DETONATED AT THE USIS FACILITY.
FEBRUARY, 1990:
ASSASSINATED AN AMERICAN CITIZEN, HIS FILIPINO WIFE AND HIS
FATHER-IN-LAW NEAR THE CITY OF TAGBILARAN.
MARCH, 1990:
MURDERED AN ELDERLY AMERICAN RANCHER FOR VICTIM'S REFUSAL TO PAY
THE NPA REVOLUTIONARY TAXES.
MAY, 1990:
A UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER WAS MURDERED
BY THE NPA IN OLONGAPO CITY NEAR SUBIC BAY NAVAL BASE.
MAY, 1990:
TWO U.S. AIR FORCE PERSONNEL WERE KILLED AND A THIRD ESCAPED UNHURT
WHEN THE NPA AMBUSHED THE THREE NEAR CLARK AIR FORCE BASE.
MAY, 1990:
TWO RIFLE GRENADES FIRED AT THE THOMAS JEFFERSON CULTURAL CENTER,
A USIS FACILITY, IN MANILA.
JUNE, 1990:
A U.S. PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEER WAS KIDNAPPED, HELD 49 DAYS, AND
RELEASED UNHARMED.
JULY, 1990:
SUSPECTED NPA MEMBERS DROVE BY THE USIS FACILITY IN DAVAO CITY,
SPRAYING IT WITH SMALL ARMS FIRE. NO INJURIES.
SEPTEMBER, 1990:
NPA TERRORISTS BOMBED THE VOICE OF AMERICA (VOA) TRANSMITTER
ANTENNA SITE IN TARLAC PROVINCE. NO INJURIES.
NOVEMBER, 1990:
FIRED TWO RIFLE GRENADES AT THE U.S. EMBASSY IN MANILA. NO
INJURIES.
JANUARY, 1991:
FIFTY NPA REBELS ATTACKED A PHILIPPINE POLICE BARRACKS NEAR THE
SITE OF A VOICE OF AMERICA TRANSMITTER SITE. ATTEMPTED TO PLACE
EXPLOSIVE DEVICES ON TRANSMITTER ANTENNAS, BUT THE DEVICES WERE
DISARMED.
NOVEMBER, 1991:
AMBUSHED A PHILIPPINE ARMY PATROL, KILLING TWENTY TWO.
FEBRUARY, 1992:
AN NPA UNIT AMBUSHED A PHILIPPINE ARMY PATROL OF 100 TROOPS. AT
LEAST THIRTY-SEVEN OF THE TROOPS WERE KILLED. RELIABLE REPORTING
INDICATES THAT THE ATTACK WAS PARTICULARLY SAVAGE, WITH MANY OF
VICTIMS' CORPSES SHOWING CLEAR SIGNS OF MUTILATION.
MARCH, 1992:
PHILIPPINE POLICE RESCUED AN AMERICAN BUSINESSMAN WHO HAD BEEN
KIDNAPPED AND HELD HOSTAGE BY A GROUP CALLING ITSELF "RED SCORPION"
BELIEVED TO BE A FACTION OF THE NPA.
MARCH, 1992:
NPA IS SUSPECTED IN THE MURDER OF AN ASSISTANT DEAN OF A
UNIVERSITY LOCATED IN MANILA. THE VICTIM WAS SHOT IN THE HEAD AS
HE WALKED TO WORK.
JUNE, 1992:
AN NPA UNIT RAIDED AN AMERICAN-OWNED FOOD PROCESSING PLANT IN
DAVAO, WRECKING EQUIPMENT AND KIDNAPPING FILIPINO EMPLOYEES.
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THE ABOVE INFORMATION WAS DERIVED FROM DEPARTMENT OF STATE, DEPARTMENT OF
DEFENSE AND PUBLIC MEDIA SOURCE DOCUMENTS.